October 11th 2014 - This Date in History.

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Events:C/P.

1138 – A massive earthquake strikes Aleppo, Syria.
1142 – A peace treaty between the Jin dynasty and Southern Song dynasty is formally ratified when a Jin envoy visits the Song court during the Jin–Song wars.
1531 – Huldrych Zwingli is killed in battle with the Roman Catholic cantons of Switzerland.
1582 – Because of the implementation of the Gregorian calendar, this day does not exist in this year in Italy, Poland, Portugal and Spain.
1614 – Adriaen Block and 12 Amsterdam merchants petition the States General for exclusive trading rights in the New Netherland colony.
1634 – The Burchardi flood – "the second Grote Mandrenke" killed around 15,000 men in North Friesland, Denmark and Germany.
1649 – Sack of Wexford: After a ten-day siege, English New Model Army troops (under Oliver Cromwell) stormed the town of Wexford, killing over 2,000 Irish Confederate troops and 1,500 civilians.
1727 – George II and Caroline of Ansbach are crowned King and Queen of Great Britain.
1776 – American Revolutionary War: Battle of Valcour Island – On Lake Champlain a fleet of American boats is defeated by the Royal Navy, but delays the British advance until 1777.
1797 – Battle of Camperdown: Naval battle between Royal Navy and Royal Netherlands Navy during the French Revolutionary Wars. The outcome of the battle was a decisive British victory.
1809 – Along the Natchez Trace in Tennessee, explorer Meriwether Lewis dies under mysterious circumstances at an inn called Grinder's Stand.
1811 – Inventor John Stevens' boat, the Juliana, begins operation as the first steam-powered ferry (service between New York City, New York, and Hoboken, New Jersey).
1833 – A big demonstration at the gates of the legislature of Buenos Aires forces the ousting of governor Juan Ramón Balcarce and his replacement with Juan José Viamonte.
1852 – The University of Sydney, Australia's oldest university, is inaugurated in Sydney.
1862 – American Civil War: In the aftermath of the Battle of Antietam, Confederate General J.E.B. Stuart and his men loot Chambersburg, Pennsylvania, during a raid into the north.
1864 – Campina Grande, Brazil, is established as a city.
1865 – Paul Bogle led hundreds of black men and women in a march in Jamaica, starting the Morant Bay rebellion.
1890 – In Washington, D.C., the Daughters of the American Revolution is founded.
1899 – Second Boer War begins: In South Africa, a war between the United Kingdom and the Boers of the Transvaal and Orange Free State erupts.
1899 – The Western League is renamed the American League.
1906 – San Francisco public school board sparks a diplomatic crisis between the United States and Japan by ordering Japanese students to be taught in racially segregated schools.
1910 – Former President Theodore Roosevelt becomes the first U.S. president to fly in an airplane. He flew for four minutes with Arch Hoxsey in a plane built by the Wright brothers at Kinloch Field (Lambert–St. Louis International Airport), St. Louis, Missouri.
1912 – First Balkan War: The Greek Army liberates the city of Kozani.
1918 – San Fermín earthquake hits western Puerto Rico.
1929 – J. C. Penney opens store #1252 in Milford, Delaware, making it a nationwide company with stores in all 48 U.S. states.
1941 – Beginning of the National Liberation War of Macedonia.
1942 – World War II: Battle of Cape Esperance – On the northwest coast of Guadalcanal, United States Navy ships intercept and defeat a Japanese fleet on their way to reinforce troops on the island.
1944 – Tuvan People's Republic or formerly Tannu Tuva is annexed by the U.S.S.R
1950 – Television: CBS's mechanical color system is the first to be licensed for broadcast by the U.S. Federal Communications Commission.
1954 – First Indochina War: The Viet Minh take control of North Vietnam.
1957 – Space Race: M.I.T. scientists calculate Sputnik 1's booster rocket's orbit.
1958 – Pioneer program: NASA launches the lunar probe Pioneer 1 (the probe falls back to Earth and burns up).
1962 – Second Vatican Council: Pope John XXIII convenes the first ecumenical council of the Roman Catholic Church in 92 years.
1968 – Apollo program: NASA launches Apollo 7, the first successful manned Apollo mission, with astronauts Wally Schirra, Donn F. Eisele and Walter Cunningham aboard.
1972 – A race riot occurs on the United States Navy aircraft carrier Kitty Hawk off the coast of Vietnam during Operation Linebacker.
1975 – The NBC sketch comedy/variety show Saturday Night Live debuts with George Carlin as the host and Andy Kaufman, Janis Ian and Billy Preston as guests.
1976 – George Washington's appointment, posthumously, to the grade of General of the Armies by congressional joint resolution Public Law 94-479 is approved by President Gerald R. Ford.
1982 – The Mary Rose, a Tudor carrack which sank on July 19, 1545, is salvaged from the sea bed of the Solent, off Portsmouth.
1984 – Aboard the Space Shuttle Challenger, astronaut Kathryn D. Sullivan becomes the first American woman to perform a space walk.
1984 – An Aeroflot Tupolev Tu-154 crashes into maintenance vehicles upon landing in Omsk, Russia, killing 178.
1986 – Cold War: U.S. President Ronald Reagan and Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev meet in Reykjavík, Iceland, in an effort to continue discussions about scaling back their intermediate missile arsenals in Europe.
1987 – Start of Operation Pawan by Indian Peace Keeping Force in Sri Lanka that killed thousands of ethnic Tamil civilians and hundreds of Tamil Tigers & Indian Army soldiers.
1996 – Pala accident: a wood lorry and school bus collide in Jõgeva county, Estonia, killing eight children.
2000 – NASA launches STS-92, the 100th Space Shuttle mission, using Space Shuttle Discovery.
2001 – The Polaroid Corporation files for federal bankruptcy protection.
2002 – A bomb attack in a shopping mall in Vantaa, Finland kills seven.

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Today's Canadian Headline....

1869 METIS START RED RIVER REBELLION
St-Vital Manitoba - Canadian surveyor Adam Clark Webb and his crew try to mark off a long farm field belonging to Metis André Nault, a cousin of Louis Riel; when Nault asks them to leave and they refuse, a group of 16 unarmed Metis led by Riel arrive; Riel places his foot on the surveyor's chain, and tells the crew 'You go no further'. This incident marks the beginning of the Red River Insurrection; Metis and others object to transfer of Rupert's Land to Canadian sovereignty without being consulted, and fear a flood of eastern settlers will destroy their way of life.

1942
Halifax Nova Scotia - Henry Asbjorn Larsen 1899-1964 sails the RCMP patrol vessel 'St. Roch' into Halifax harbour after making the first west-to-east crossing of the Northwest Passage; one of his eight-man crew had died of a heart attack in the Arctic as the wooden sailing schooner with an auxiliary engine spent the winter in the ice less than 80 km from the North Magnetic Pole. The St. Roch was built in North Vancouver in 1928. A wooden schooner with sail and auxiliary engine, she left Vancouver in the summer of 1940, took the southerly route through the Arctic islands, and spent two winters trapped in the ice; she was the second ship to sail the Passage, after Amundsen's Gjoa in 1908. She returned to Vancouver July-Oct. 1944 by the northerly Lancaster Sound route, and today you can see her berthed in Vancouver's Maritime Museum.

1615
Perryville New York - Samuel de Champlain c1570-1635, with a war party of Hurons, is ambushed by the Onondagas. The Hurons get the worst of the fighting after a three hour battle, even though Champlain uses his blunderbuss against the Iroquois. He is wounded and the party withdraw back across Lake Ontario. This is the only known portrait of Champlain.



In Other Events....

1994 Quebec - Gérald Godin dies, politician and Parti Quebecois Culture Minister, poet, Les Cantouques (1966).
1992 Oakland California - Toronto Blue Jay Roberto Alomar hits 2-run homer against Oakland A's pitcher Dennis Eckersley to send Game 4 of the American League Championship Series into extra innings; Toronto down 6-1 in seventh, goes on to beat the Athletics 7-6 in the 11th; Jays take 3-1 series edge in ALCS playoff; Eckersley saved 51 games for Oakland during the regular season.
1985 Toronto Ontario - Blue Jays lose third game of American League Championship Series as Kansas City Royals take a 6-5 comeback victory, led by George Brett, who has four hits, including two homers.
1984 Boston Massachusetts - Penguin rookie Mario Lemieux scores on his first shift of his first NHL game, putting his first shot behind Bruins goaltender Pete Peeters.
1981 Montreal Quebec - Expo pitcher Steve Rogers leads his team to a 3-0 victory over Philadelphia in Game 5 of the National League East Divisional playoff; throws a 6-hit shutout and knocking in 2 Expo runs.
1978 Ottawa Ontario - Opening of 4th session of the 30th Parliament; until March 26, 1979.
1977 Manitoba - Sterling Lyon leads the Progressive Conservatives to victory in provincial election; ousts NDP Premier Ed Schreyer after eight years in office.
1972 Quebec Quebec - Les Nordiques play their first NHL game in the Colisée arena.
1970 Montreal Quebec - October Crisis continues; Chronology of the day: 2:15 am - police search the homes of several suspects; 9:03 am - discovery of communiqué from the Chénier FLQ cell; FLQ extend deadline; 10:30 am - FLQ lawyer/spokesman arrested; 12:00 am - Robert Bourassa meets his Cabinet in the Queen Elizabeth Hotel; 1:00 pm - discovery of a further communiqué from the Chénier FLQ cell; 5:00 pm - another communiqué from the Chénier cell; 9:45 pm - Bourrassa offers to negotiate to free the hostages; 10:00 pm FLQ deadline expires.
1978 Ottawa Ontario - Opening of 4th session of the 30th Parliament; until March 26, 1979.
1968 Washington DC - US pays Canada $52.1 million for BC flood control benefits from Columbia River project.
1968 Montreal Quebec - Opening of a congress of independantists to found the Parti Quebecois; Rene Levesque will be elected President the following day.
1967 Montreal Quebec - Quebec Justice Minister Frederic Dorion orders 6,000 Montreal Transportation Commission employees back to work, after 80-day strike.
1966 Ottawa Ontario - Committee on the Study of Election Expenses recommends full disclosure of election spending by parties and candidates.
1962 Zweibrucken Germany - First of 200 Canadian-built CF-104 Starflghters leave for West Germany; to join strike-reconnaissance squadron.
1961 Ottawa Ontario - Opening of the National Defence Medical Centre; to serve veterans, members of the three services and Parliamentarians.
1960 Ottawa Ontario - Ottawa brings in program to help low-income families find rental housing.
1952 Montreal Quebec - CBFT Television in Montreal carries the first hockey telecast in Canada, Montreal Canadiens vs. Detroit Red Wings, in French; origin of Radio-Canada's 'la Soirée du Hockey'.
1944 Romagna Italy - 1st Canadian Infantry Division returned to the line and the 5th Division goes into corps reserve; for three weeks, the Canadians will fight in the watery Romagna area south of the Po Valley.
1934 Montreal Quebec - Pro-Fascist demonstration takes place at the Monument National in Montreal.
1927 Toronto Ontario - Toronto Symphony Orchestra performs first concert.
1926 Toronto Ontario - Hugh Guthrie chosen as interim party leader by Conservative Party, replacing Arthur Meighen; serves to Oct. 12, 1927.
1920 Winnipeg Manitoba - Wing Commander Robert Leckie arrives from Dartmouth Nova Scotia in the first flight across Canada; Air Commodore A.K. Tylee and three other pilots take over the plane for the flight to Vancouver, arriving Oct. 17; total elapsed time 45 hours and 20 minutes for a flight of 5,488 km.
1918 Cambrai France - Lt. Wallace Lloyd Algie of the 20th Battalion, 1st Central Ontario Regiment, killed in a battle north east of Cambrai, after taking two machine gun nests, and capturing a German officer and 10 men. He is awarded the Victoria Cross posthumously Jan. 21, 1919.
1918 Ottawa Ontario - Union government brings in new regulations for wartime labour; bans strikes and lockouts.
1917 Ottawa Ontario - Borden Cabinet bans strikes and walkouts for duration of war.
1911 Ottawa Ontario - Robert Laird Borden 1854-1937 succeeds Wilfrid Laurier as Prime Minister; to Oct. 12, 1917, then head of Unionist Government to July 10; ninth Dominion Ministry.
1910 Kitchener Ontario - Adam Beck's Hydro-Electric Power Commission of Ontario inaugurates first electrical service, sending Niagara power by a new transmission line to Berlin, now Kitchener; into Toronto by 1911.
1884 Quebec Quebec - Two dynamite explosions rock new Quebec parliament Buildings.
1875 Winnipeg, Manitoba - Party of almost 300 Icelanders land on the steamer International en route to their colony of New Iceland on the western shore of Lake Winnipeg; harsh winters and an epidemic that killed over 200,000 of their sheep caused them to look for a new home.
1853 Barrie Ontario - Northern Railroad reaches Barrie from Toronto.
1850 Richmond Quebec - Opening of St. Lawrence & Atlantic Railroad from Longueuil to Richmond.
1849 Montreal Quebec - Montreal Gazette publishes the Annexation Manifesto, asking for union with U.S. if commercial difficulties with Britain cannot be resolved.
1776 Ticonderoga, New York - Guy Carleton, Baron Dorchester 1724-1808 inflicts heavy losses on General Benedict Arnold's American fleet at Valcour Island off Crown Point; first naval battle of Lake Champlain a British victory, but it stalls Carleton's plans to invade the rebel colonies from Canada.
1754 Red Deer, Alberta - Anthony Henday meets a party of Blackfoot Indians; he tries to convince them to travel to Hudson Bay to trade, but they decline; first European/Blackfoot contact.
1676 Quebec - Louis de Buade et de Palluau, Count Frontenac 1622-1698 sets up public markets at Quebec, Three Rivers and Montreal.
1615 Perryville New York - Samuel de Champlain c1570-1635 ambushed by Onondagas and Senecas near present-day Syracuse; Hurons get worst of fighting after three hour battle; Champlain wounded by an arrow; party withdraw back across Lake Ontario; French use guns against the Iroquois for the first time.
1535 Quebec Quebec - Jacques Cartier returns to Stadacona from his trip upriver to Montreal [Hochelaga]; he and his crew settle in for the winter.

End of C/P.